Optimization algorithms used to tune the parameters of a model so that it can make accurate predictions or classifications on new, unseen data.
In other words, they are used in machine learning to find the optimal values of the parameters of a model that minimize a cost function or maximize a performance metric.
There are many types of optimization algorithms, including gradient descent, stochastic gradient descent, batch gradient descent, Adam, Adagrad, and RMSProp, to name a few. These algorithms differ in the way they update the parameters of the model during training and in the amount of data they use for each update.
Gradient descent is one of the most common optimization algorithms used in machine learning. It works by iteratively adjusting the parameters of the model in the direction of the negative gradient of the cost function with respect to the parameters. This results in a gradual descent of the cost function towards its minimum.
Stochastic gradient descent is a variant of gradient descent that uses only a subset of the training data for each update, making it more computationally efficient than batch gradient descent. Adam, Adagrad, and RMSProp are optimization algorithms that use adaptive learning rates that change during training to improve performance.
Optimization algorithms play a crucial role in machine learning because they allow models to learn from data and make accurate predictions on new, unseen data.